Therapeutic Benefits of Stem Cells Essay -- Science Health Technology

Therapeutic Benefits of Stem Cells A stem cell is a cell which can differentiate into any other type of cell in the body. It can become a blood cell, a liver cell, or even a nerve cell. The only problem with stem cells is that they can only be found in the bone marrow of living humans or the gonadal tissue of developing fetuses. There are many people who believe that stem cells are the miracle cure for cancer, Parkinson’s, and many other terminal diseases, but there are large groups of people opposed to the use of stem cells because of the means by which they are attained. This debate will go on indefinitely, because there are prodigious amounts of support for both sides of the issue. The many benefits of stem cells out weigh the ethical issues behind the retrieval methods. There are many diseases that can be cured with stem cells. Lou Gehrig’s disease is a disorder in which the â€Å"nerve cells which operate muscles degrade over time† (Langreth, 2001). There is no certain cure for the disease, but â€Å"embryonic stem cells have been known to differentiate into motor neurons† (Langreth, 2001). The fact that stem cells can become motor neurons is astonishing because they can lead to a cure for Lou Gehrig’s disease. The possibility of curing this disease has many positive implications. Before, anyone who developed this condition was labeled as â€Å"dead† because there was no possibility of curing the disorder. The fact that we have a chance to cure this disease through the use of stem cells gives the people who suffer from the disease a glimmer of hope that they can be cured. Another disease which can possibly be cured through the use of stem cells is X-SCID. X-SCID is an X-linked immunodeficiency that is genet ically inherited... ...5F0+ds+%5Fs%5F0+dstb+KS+fcl+Aut+hd+0+hs+0+or+Date+ri+KAAACBVB00236207+sm+KS+ss+SO+C061&cf=1&fn=1&rn=1&+KS+so+b+ss+SO+C495&cf=1&fn=311&rn=319 4. Langreth, Robert. Daring to Live. Retrieved March 25, 2003 from http://web13.epnet.com/citation.asp?tb=1&_ug=dbs+0+ln+en%2Dus+sid+EEDE302C%2DD4AF%2D4AE5%2D8E99%2D32B074FDD225%40sessionmgr3%2Dsessionmgr4+2762&_up=dba+aphdeh+st+alpha+43DB&_us=bs+ALS++AND++stem++cells+ds+ALS++AND++stem++cells+dstb+KS+hd+0+hs+0+or+Date+ri+KAAACBVB00282442+sm+KS+so+b+ss+SO+1F99&cf=1&fn=1&rn=1& 5. FDA Consumer. Temporary Halt on Gene Therapy Trials. Retrieved March 25, 2003 from http://web13.epnet.com/citation.asp?tb=1&_ug=dbs+0+ln+en%2Dus+sid+EEDE302C%2DD4AF%2D4AE5%2D8E99%2D32B074FDD225%40sessionmgr3%2Dsessionmgr4+2762&_us=bs+X%2DSCID+ds+X%2DSCID+dstb+KS+gl+%5Fs%5F8+hd+0+hs+0+or+Date+ri+KAAACBVB00282749+sm+KS+so+b+ss+SO+CBEE&cf=1&fn=1&rn=1&

How does Fitzgerald tell the story in chapter 3? Essay

In chapter 3 Fitzgerald introduces us to the main character of his book, and we finally get an insight into what Gatsby is like (albeit through the eyes of Nick Carraway) during the party he throws. Even though we meet the character himself, Fitzgerald continues to entice us with rumours of Gatsby, which is significant because it shows just how artificial his entire life is – he couldn’t dispel the rumours even if he wanted to. Throughout the party in chapter three, we meet a variety of different characters, which almost seem to act as tour guides; however, as soon as they’ve said their part, they seem to almost evaporate into the night. Each person has their own snippet of seemingly useless information, ‘She had a fight with a man who says he’s her husband’ or ‘somebody told me they thought he killed a man once’, its almost as if they’re not actually characters- merely rumours that have been personified to make the night more exciting. Conversely, one character with no rumour to spread is ‘Owl Eyes’, a ‘somewhat drunk’ man with ‘enormous owl eyed spectacles’ – typically a sign of wisdom, which is completely disregarded in this particular personality, as he conclude the main ideas in this chapter, these being that instead of wanting to talk to people at a party to gain insight about that person, the aim of talking t o people at Gatsby’s party is to procure an understanding into Gatsby’s character alone. As well as using Owl Eyes’ spectacles to enforce this point, Fitzgerald also chooses to base him in a library, surrounded by knowledge yet still painfully drunk and clueless. The fact that Owl Eyes thought the books were a â€Å"nice durable cardboard’ and was suitably impressed that they were in fact ‘real books’ portrays just how artificial everything is at Gatsby’s parties, and just how surprising it is to find something solid and genuine. These tour guides like Jordan, Owl Eyes and Nick himself, give us a very jolted view of the night, but the structure throughout chapter 3 was still very consistent and definitively chronological, however this completely changed at the end, Nick seems to come out of his narrators view point and instead talks to the reader directly.

Persian Wars: Cause of the 499-404 B.C.E

The Persian wars are often compared to the Trojan wars due to the effects they had on Greek history. Athenians who were cultural and politically superior to the Greek considered the wars against Persia as some of the defining and greatest moments in their history (McKay, Hill, Buckler, Buckley, & Wiesner-Hanks, 2008a). Despite the defining effects that the Persian wars had on the history of the Athenian and the Greek, their beginning was nothing big. In mid sixth century BCE, Croesus who was the king of the Lydians took control of all Greek cities along the Asian Minor coast (McKay, Bennett, Beck, Crowston, & Wiesner-Hanks, 2008a). When the Persians conquered the Lydians around 545 BCE all states that were under the Lydians came under the rule of the Persians (McKay, Bennett, Beck, Crowston, & Wiesner-Hanks, 2008b). The Persian approach to leadership was defined by close control and they appointed officials who ruled states under a system that can only be defined as tyrannical. Citizens under the system implemented by the Persians were required to pay extremely high taxes and serve in the Persian army (McKay, Bennett, & Buckler, 2003a). Many revolution in history have generally been caused by oppressions and system that are degenerate in terms of social development. The Persian approach to government bore all the classical signs of tyranny and close governance. Under such system the mechanism that will worst affect the weak are made as effective as possible and in the Persian case this was not different. Their most effective system was the tax collection system which collected taxes in a manner that had no bearing on the earning made by individuals and the failure to submit returns could even result in hanging (McKay, Bennett, & Buckler, 2003b). The rulers were imposed on the Greeks, Lydians and Athenian and the kind of rule that such leaders used was oppressive. The rulers kept close contact with the events that happened on the ground which is a characteristic of an approach to leadership that is either oppressive or concerned with the welfare of its members; in this case the former was more relevant. The pressure placed by the Persian government led to underground revolution which were propagated by the opportunism of Aristagoras. Aristagoras sought help from the Spartans and Athenians (McKay, Hill, Buckler, Buckley, & Wiesner-Hanks, 2008a). The later helped him in though by 495 BCE all rebellious Greek cities has been restored under the Persian government. This did not spell the end of war due to the attention than the Athenians had gotten from Persia for the role they played in the destruction of Ardis. The revenge mission and the expertise that the Athenians had in Hippias who had been a member of the Persian army led to what is referred to as the battle marathon (McKay, Hill, Buckler, Buckley, & Wiesner-Hanks, 2008b). By the end of the marathon Greece began an ambitious navy building project due to the influence of Themistocles which propagated the war into a war for supremacy. In summary, the war started by the need for freedom and independence catalyzed by a leaders who was out to fulfill his personal agenda. By gaining support from other states the Persians were defeated due to their lack of commitment to the war. The marathon which served to propagate the Persian war was mainly out of the need for revenge by the Persians and its ‘marathon' stature is resultant of the resistance the Persians got from the well prepared Athenians and Persians. Towards the end of the war the objective was more about gain of supremacy. In the end, the Athenians got all the glory though the role played by the Spartans in the Persian wars can never be underestimated.